To require the Secretary of the Interior to conduct a theme study on the peopling of America, and for other purposes.

Peopling of America Theme Study Act - Directs the Secretary of the Interior to prepare and submit to Congress a national historic landmark theme study on the peopling of America to identify regions, areas, trails, districts, communities, sites, buildings, structures, objects, organizations, societies, and cultures that: (1) best illustrate and commemorate key events or decisions affecting the peopling of America; and (2) can provide a basis for the preservation and interpretation of the peopling of America that has shaped U.S. culture and society.